COVID-19, guests and crews of cruise: observation on Thai citizens

International maritime health
Volume 71, 2020, Issue 1, p 9

Yasri, S.; Wiwanitkit, V.

Introduction

COVID-19 is a new emerging infection starting from China [1]. This new disease was imported to many countries such as Thailand [2]. After the firs importation to Thailand as the first country, there are already more than 20 countries with imported disease. At first, the importation of disease is mainly by air travel. However, the new consideration is raised when there is an emerging problem of disease outbreak at international tourist cruise. The outbreak on Diamond Princess, which was detected in Japan, became an interesting situation.

Keywords

COVID-19, guest, crew, cruise

Coronavirus Disease 2019 as a challenge for maritime medicine

International maritime health

Vol 71, No 1 (2020)

Sikorska, K.

Introduction

On 11 March 2020 World Health Organization (WHO) ”made the assessment that Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be characterised as a pandemic”. Six weeks earlier, on 30 January 2020, the outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

Keywords

Epidemiology

The value of mitigating epidemic peaks of COVID-19 for more effective public health responses

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
Volume 53, e20200135

Villela, D. A. M.

Introduction

The emergence of SARS-Cov-2 virus in Wuhan, China, in December of 2019 led to a local epidemic that rapidly spread to multiple countries in the world, placing remarkable challenges in surveillance and control. In March 16th, 2020, WHO declared that the infection associated with SARS-Cov-2, named COVID-19, had spread to more than 100 countries, with more than 160,000 confirmed cases and more than 6,000 deaths globally

Dilemma of Organ Donation in Transplantation and The COVID-19 Pandemic

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

Woolley, Ann E.; Mehra, Mandeep R.

Abstract

In late 2019, the world began to confront the emergence of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infection and its consequent disease manifestation of COVID-19. The virus spreads stealthily by transmission through asymptomatic carriers and is associated with a high rate of contagion, with a R0 of 2-3 (average number of people who will catch a disease from one infected person), a 19% rate of hospitalization and a case fatality rate (in those with a confirmed diagnosis) of 1-3.5%.1 Stages of severity for this illness have been described with death preferentially afflicting the elderly with underlying cardiovascular risk markers or disease.2 In late stages, COVID-19 overwhelms its host by an aberrant hyperinflammatory response with resultant cardio-pulmonary and multisystem failure. At this time a vaccine is awaited, and therapy targeting COVID-19 is largely derived from anecdotal experience based on empirical suggestions from limited in-vitro data.

Keywords

Clinical aspects, diagnosis, treatment; Epidemiology

What Should Palliative Care's Response be to the COVID-19 Epidemic?

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management

Powell, Victoria D.; Silveira, Maria J.

To the Editor,

COVID-19 is anticipated to spread widely in the U.S. by the end of 2020.1 Widespread transmission of COVID-19 in the U.S. could translate into large numbers of people needing medical care at the same time. This will push many health systems to the point of rationing limited resources such as intensive care unit beds and life-sustaining machinery, as has occurred in Italy.2 Patients and their families at the peak of the pandemic will face symptoms, emotional distress, and decision making in the face of uncertainty and limited options. No one is more prepared to handle these needs than providers on palliative care consult teams. However, palliative care consult teams are themselves a limited resource. In this piece, we will outline the challenges palliative care consult services may face in this crisis and suggest some alternatives forward.

Keywords

Clinical aspects, diagnosis, treatment

Strategies for the prevention and management of coronavirus disease 2019

European Respiratory Journal

Guan, Wei-Jie; Chen, Rong-Chang; Zhong, Nan-Shan.

Introduction

Early protection, early identification, early diagnosis, and early isolation are crucial to combat with Covid-19 outbreaks Since the outbreak in Wuhan city in December 2019, there has been a surge of newly diagnosed cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) globally [1-4]. The total number has reached to 101,927 laboratory-confirmed cases as of March 8 th, 2020 [5]. An increasing number of countries have issued the alert of the highest level

Keywords

Transmission; control; prevention; therapy; laboratory testing

The 2019/2020 Novel Corona Virus Outbreak: An International Health Management Perspective

Open Public Health Journal
Volume 13, Issue 1, March 2020, Pages 52-54

Beck, M.; Tobin, D.

Introduction

On December 31, 2019 Chinese health authorities reported an outbreak of atypical pneumonia in Wuhan, the 12 million person capital of Hubei province [1]. On January 7, 2020 this outbreak was linked to a novel coronavirus epidemic known as Covid-19 (or 2019-nCoV caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2) [2]. The WHO declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020.

Keywords

Epidemiology

A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations

General psychiatry
Volume 33, March 2020, Issue 2, e100213

Qiu, J.; Shen, B.; Zhao, M.; Wang, Z.; Xie, B.; Xu, Y.

Abstract

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic emerged in Wuhan, China, spread nationwide and then onto half a dozen other countries between December 2019 and early 2020. The implementation of unprecedented strict quarantine measures in China has kept a large number of people in isolation and affected many aspects of people's lives. It has also triggered a wide variety of psychological problems, such as panic disorder, anxiety and depression. This study is the first nationwide large-scale survey of psychological distress in the general population of China during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Keywords

Epidemiology

Genetic, Antigenic And Pathogenic Characterization Of Avian Coronaviruses Isolated From Pheasants (Phasianus Colchicus) In China

Veterinary Microbiology
Volume 240, January 2020, 108513

Han, ZongXi; Liwen, Xu; Ren, MengTing; Sheng, Jie; Ma, TianXin; Sun, JunFeng; Zhao, Yan; Liu, ShengWang

Abstract

Two viruses were isolated in 2017 from commercial pheasants with severe clinical signs and mortality in Shandong and Anhui provinces, China, respectively. We examined the pathogenic effects of the viruses in chicken embryos and the size and morphology of the virus particles, performed phylogenetic analysis based on the S1 gene and complete genomic sequences, and examined the antibody responses against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The results suggested that the viruses I0623/17 and I0710/17 were avian coronaviruses and were identified as pheasant coronaviruses (PhCoV), with greatest similarity to IBV. Further investigations of the antigenicity, complete genome organization, substitutions in multiple genes, and viral pathogenicity, replication, and shedding in chickens and pheasants showed obvious differences between PhCoV and IBV in terms of antigenicity, and viral pathogenicity, replication, and shedding in chickens and pheasants. The close genetic relationship, but obvious differences between PhCoVs and IBVs suggested the IBVs could be the ancestors of PhCoVs, and that PhCoVs isolated from different outbreaks may have evolved independently from IBVs circulating in the specific region by adaption in pheasants. This hypothesis was supported by analysis of the S1 gene fragments of the two PhCoVs isolated in the current study, as well as PhCoVs isolated in the UK and selected IBV strains. Such analyses indicated different evolution patterns and different tissue tropisms between PhCoVs isolated in different outbreaks. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis by studying the complete genomic sequences of PhCoVs from different outbreaks and the pathogenicity of IBVs in pheasants to compare and clarify the relationships between PhCoVs and IBVs.

Keywords

Pheasant coronavirus, Infectious bronchitis virus, S1 gene, Complete genome, Adaption and evolution