Geophila obvallata

NAME: Geophila obvallata

FAMILY: Rubiaceae

COMMON NAMES: Indian Pennywort, Brahmi

LOCAL NAMES: Mandukaparni, Saraswathi plant, Ondelaga

MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION: Geophila obvallata is a small, perennial herbaceous plant with creeping stems and kidney-shaped leaves. The leaves are green, smooth, and have a glossy appearance. They are arranged oppositely along the stem and measure approximately 2 to 3 centimeters in diameter. The plant produces small, inconspicuous white or pink flowers that are often clustered together. Geophila obvallata typically spreads through its runners, forming dense mats of vegetation.

USEFUL PART(s): The whole plant of Geophila obvallata, including the leaves, stems, and roots, is used for various purposes.

GENERAL USES:

  1. Traditional Medicine: Geophila obvallata has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and Siddha. The plant is believed to possess medicinal properties and is used to improve memory and cognitive functions, relieve stress, and enhance overall brain health. It is also used for its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and adaptogenic effects.

  2. Culinary Use: In certain culinary traditions, the leaves of Geophila obvallata are used as an ingredient in salads, soups, and chutneys, primarily for their nutritional value and refreshing taste.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION: Geophila obvallata is native to India and is found in various regions of the country, including the Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and parts of the Himalayas. It is also distributed in other countries of South and Southeast Asia, such as Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Thailand.

WHY IS IT GREEN? The green color of Geophila obvallata, like most plants, is due to the presence of chlorophyll in its leaves. Chlorophyll is a pigment that plays a crucial role in photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. It absorbs light in the blue and red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, while reflecting green light, giving the plant its characteristic green color.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: Geophila obvallata has a minimal environmental impact. As a small herbaceous plant, it does not compete aggressively with other species or cause significant ecological disturbances. However, it is important to prevent the excessive collection of wild plants to ensure their sustainable growth and conservation.

FUN FACT: Geophila obvallata holds great cultural significance in India. It is considered a sacred plant dedicated to Saraswati, the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, and art. In Hindu mythology, it is believed that consuming the leaves of Geophila obvallata can enhance intelligence and memory, which has led to its association with academic pursuits and learning.

Further Reading:

  • "Brahmi: A Systematic Review of Ayurvedic Botanical Medicine" by Christopher Hobbs

  • "Medicinal Plants of India" by C.P. Khare

  • "Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary" by C.P. Khare